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India - Energy overview

Country profile

Policies and Initiatives

Governance structure

The Energy and Power sector in India is administered and legislated by both Central and state governments. The Ministry of Power and Ministry of New and Renewable Energy are the agencies responsible for the planning, promotion, coordination and implementation of power and energy-related  schemes, initiatives and programs. The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Ministry of Steel, Ministry of Mines and the Ministry of Coal are the primary executive agencies responsible for coordination of issues related to minerals in India. The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission is a statutory body and the key regulator of the power sector in India. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency is a statutory agency which develops programs for conservation and efficient use of energy.  

Australia and India have had many partnerships in the Energy sector over the years - with complementary Import, export and investment needs. Photo credit: Noida, Delhi NCR - Vandita Bhargava

Australia - Energy overview

Country profile

  • International Renewable Energy Agency's (IRENA) Renewable Capacity Statistics 2022 published that Australia’s Total Renewable Energy Capacity in 2021 was 36,617 MW.
  • The Government of Australia allocated AUD 2.4 billion to the industry, energy and emissions reduction portfolio in 2022-23.
  • Australia is one of the top mineral producers in the world and has a large resource inventory of most of the world's key minerals commodities. Australia's lithium and rare earth resources are ranked third, manganese ore and vanadium are ranked fourth and black coal is ranked fifth in the world.

Policies and initiatives

Governance structure

The energy sector in Australia is legislated and influenced by both state and federal Governments. The Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water is the federal agency responsible for energy issues in Australia. The Australian Energy Market Commission is an independent statutory body working on amending rules for the national electricity and natural gas market. The Australian Energy Regulator (AER) is the national economic regulator and the body responsible for monitoring and enforcing national energy legislation. The Minerals Council of Australia is an independent body committed to contributing to the sustained growth and prosperity of minerals in Australia. The Energy National Cabinet Reform Committee (ENCRC) and the Energy Ministers’ Meeting (EMM) are Ministerial forums for the Australian Government, state and territory governments, and the Government of New Zealand, to work together in the pursuit of national energy reforms. 

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Bilateral frameworks for cooperation between India and Australia

Trade and investment opportunity

  • Australia’s update to the India Economic Strategy 2035 identifies energy as a priority sector. Through the strategy, Australia aims to cooperate with India on energy technologies, especially renewables and hydrogen.
  • India’s Australia Economic Strategy (2020) identifies Indian opportunities for investment and partnerships in Australia’s energy sector, including renewable energy, smart grid technologies and research.
  • The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI)’s Renewable Energy Division and Mining division has taken up a broad spectrum of initiatives to address industry’s issues pertaining to the renewable energy sector and production of different minerals such as fuel, metallic, nuclear ore etc.
  • The Australia-India CEO Forum is a mechanism for business from both nations to engage directly on ways to build the bilateral trade and investment relationship on various sectors including energy and mineral resources.
  • The Business Council of Australia supports strong action on the role of energy in climate change and aims to develop technology-neutral approach to the energy mix, ensuring the cheapest and most reliable energy generation.
  • The Australia India Business Exchange, an initiative of the Australian Trade and Investment Commission (Austrade), is aimed at deepening Australia’s trade and investment in various sectors including sustainable economic development, energy and resources. 

Cooperation and collaborations

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